A high concentration of production in very few companies or economies can negatively affect the flow of goods during supply chain shocks. As an example, the World Trade Organization (WTO) Secretariat pointed to the shortage of infant formula in the United States in 2022, which led to the
Members of the World Trade Organization (WTO) have notified around 80 cybersecurity measures to the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee (as of May 31, 2023). Cybersecurity is a critical field that deals with protecting computer systems, networks and data against threats, attacks and unauthorized access. Is this
As part of its export promotion programs, the U.S. government announced last November the Regional Agricultural Promotion Program (RAPP). In November 2023, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) announced the availability of $1.2 billion over five years for RAPP. In the United States, there are several government programs
Support for agriculture reached a record $851 billion per year in 2020-22 in 54 OECD countries and major emerging economies, according to the OECD’s annual Agricultural Policy Monitoring and Evaluation Report. Most of this support ($630 billion per year) is provided directly to producers. The remainder is provided
The downward trend in agricultural commodity and food prices implies that there is greater scope for improving access to food by increasing incomes than by reducing prices. At the same time, according to a report by the OECD and FAO, trade can improve the incomes of both importers,
The TIGIE (Tarifa de la Ley de los Impuestos Generales de Importación y de Exportación) structure in Mexico is used to capture customs registrations. In other words, the TIGIE is the tariff system used in Mexico to classify and regulate imports and exports. Mexico exported products for a